computer system, tray to hold two or more data storage devices in a chassis-mountable chassis for a

专利摘要:
SYSTEM WITH AIRFLOW UNDER DATA STORAGE DEVICES A computer system includes a chassis, one or more hard disk drives attached to the chassis, and one or more air vents under at least one of the hard disk drives. Air passages include one or more air inlets and one or more air outlets. Inlets direct at least a portion of the air downwards into the passages. The passages allow air to travel from the air inlets to the air outlets.
公开号:BR112013006546B1
申请号:R112013006546-0
申请日:2011-09-11
公开日:2021-05-25
发明作者:Peter G. Ross
申请人:Amazon Technologies, Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Background
[001] Organizations such as ONLINE retailers, Internet service providers, search providers, financial institutions, universities, and other computer-intensive organizations typically conduct computer operations from large-scale computing facilities. Such computing facilities house and accommodate a large amount of server, network and computer equipment to process, store and exchange data as needed to carry out an organization's operations. Typically, a computer room in a computing facility includes many server cabinets. Each server cabinet, in turn, includes many servers and associated computer equipment.
[002] Computer systems typically include a number of components that generate waste heat. Such components include printed circuit boards, mass storage devices, power supplies and processors. For example, some computers with multiple processors can generate 250 watts of waste heat. Some known computer systems include several such large, multi-processor computers that are configured into chassis-mounted components and then subsequently positioned within a chassis system. Some known cabinet systems include 40 such components mounted in cabinets and such cabinet systems will therefore generate as much as 10 kilowatts of waste heat. In addition, some well-known data centers include several such cabinet systems.
[003] In some computer systems, a cabinet-level power distribution unit is provided in a cabinet to distribute electrical power to the many servers in the cabinet. The cabinet-level power distribution unit can include a large number of receptacles, each of which can be used to power a different server. Cabinet-level power distribution units can be attached to one or both sides of the cabinet's interior near one end of the cabinet. This assembly can place the power distribution unit receptacles in close proximity to server power sources. Such mounting can, however, interfere with the installation and removal of server enclosures (for example, by obstructing the path of a server when it is slid into or out of the enclosure).
[004] In an existing arrangement for a cabinet-based computer system, cooling air is introduced at the front end of a cabinet and to the front of cabinet-mounted servers. Heated air is exhausted through the rear of the server chassis and then exits through the rear of the chassis. In many systems, electrical connections for power and data are also located at the rear of the cabinet system, together with associated equipment for electrical connections such as cabinet-level power distribution units. With electrical connections located at the hot end of the cabinet, personnel can be forced to work in a hot environment to maintain servers (for example, to connect and disconnect power and data cables). In addition, high temperatures at the rear of the cabinet can cause power distribution units at the cabinet level to fail (for example, due to thermal overload of circuit breakers in the power distribution units).
[005] A heat source in many servers comes from power supply units, internal to the servers. Power supply units that are not properly cooled can be susceptible to failure. Many standard power supply units include an internal fan that draws air from inside the server chassis into the power supply box and then exhausts heated air outside the server through a front panel on the power supply unit. power. This arrangement can be effective in cooling the electrical components in the power supply unit. In some cases, however, hot air expelled from the power supply unit can adversely affect the cooling of other components in the server, or other parts of the system. For example, exhaust air from a power supply unit can preheat the air being introduced into a server chassis to cool critical components in the server, such as a central processing unit.
[006] Some servers include a substantial number of hard disk drives (eg eight or more hard disk drives) to provide adequate data storage. Hard disk drives include electronic components and motors that generate heat, which must be removed from hard disk drives to keep servers operating. This heat is sometimes removed by passing air over and around the hard disk drive enclosures. In many existing servers, the hard drives are spaced sideways from each other to allow air to pass between adjacent hard drives to cool the hard drives. Such side spacing may be necessary to ensure proper cooling of hard disk drives, but it can also have the effect of limiting the maximum hard disk drive density (ie, the number of hard disk drives that can be provisioned on a given amount of space on the server).
[007] Some data centers rely on DC driven fans internal to the servers to produce airflow through the servers in a chassis system. Such fans can, however, be inefficient and prone to failure, and increase server costs and complexity. DC fans also require power conversion equipment (either internal or external to the servers) to supply the DC power to the fans. Brief description of the drawings
[008] Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a system that includes electrical connections and inlet openings at the front end of a system of cabinets.
[009] Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of a computer system that can be mounted in a cabinet.
[0010] Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment of a data center that has power and data connections on a cold aisle side of a row of cabinets.
[0011] Figure 4 illustrates an airflow through an embodiment of a computer system.
[0012] Figure 5 illustrates a rear view of a computer system including a hard disk drive tray.
[0013] Figure 6 is a schematic side view illustrating airflow through a computer system according to an embodiment.
[0014] Figure 7 is a schematic top view illustrating airflow through a computer system according to an embodiment.
[0015] Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of a cabinet power distribution unit in a coupling device that allows movement of the cabinet power distribution unit.
[0016] Figure 9 is a schematic top view drawing illustrating an embodiment of a cabinet system with cabinet power distribution units in a normal position.
[0017] Figure 10 is a schematic top view drawing illustrating an embodiment of a cabinet system with cabinet power distribution units in a maintenance position.
[0018] Figure 11 illustrates a schematic top view illustrating an embodiment of a data center having a row of cold/cold server cabinet systems with cabinet power distribution units at both ends of the cabinets.
[0019] Figure 12 illustrates a schematic end view illustrating an embodiment of a data center having a row of cold/cold server cabinet systems with cabinet power distribution units at both ends of the cabinets.
[0020] Figure 13 is a schematic top view illustrating a power connection for a cabinet system with a cabinet power distribution unit in a closed position.
[0021] Figure 14 is a schematic top view illustrating a power connection for a cabinet system with a cabinet power distribution unit in an open position.
[0022] Figure 15 illustrates an embodiment of a cabinet system with two power distribution units on a single shelf.
[0023] Figure 16 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a cabinet system including a cabinet power distribution unit coupled to a cabinet through a hinge.
[0024] Figure 17 is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of a cabinet system including a cabinet power distribution unit in a sliding arrangement.
[0025] Figure 18 illustrates an embodiment of a cabinet system that includes cabinet power distribution units and cabinet doors.
[0026] Figure 19 illustrates an embodiment of a tray for hard disk drives in a computer system.
[0027] Figure 20 illustrates an embodiment of a fastening bar in a raised position from the base of a tray.
[0028] Figure 21 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of a tray for hard disk drives.
[0029] Figure 22 illustrates a cross section of locking bar in adjacent disk drives.
[0030] Figure 23 illustrates a tray with securing bars in an open position to allow the removal of hard disk drives from the tray.
[0031] Figure 24 illustrates an embodiment of a locking mechanism for hard disk drive tray.
[0032] Figure 25 illustrates a rear view of an embodiment of a cabinet system.
[0033] Figure 26 illustrates a fan module modality for a case.
[0034] Figure 27 illustrates an embodiment of a door to support fans in a chassis system.
[0035] Figure 28 illustrates a rear view of a part of a fan module.
[0036] Figure 29 illustrates a side view of a fan module.
[0037] Figure 30 illustrates an embodiment of a fan with an adjustable mount.
[0038] Figure 31 illustrates an adjustable fan set at a vertical angle.
[0039] Figure 32 illustrates a method of cooling components in a computer system mounted in cabinets according to a modality.
[0040] Figure 33 illustrates one embodiment of a reconfiguration or maintenance operation that includes moving cabinet power distribution units to access computer systems in an cabinet.
[0041] Figure 34 illustrates a method of cooling hard disk drives by flowing air under the drives according to an embodiment.
[0042] Figure 35 illustrates a method of cooling computer systems using fans mounted on cabinets according to a modality.
[0043] Although the invention is susceptible to several modifications and alternative forms, its specific embodiments are shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described here in detail. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and the detailed description thereof are not intended to limit the invention to the specific form disclosed, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives comprised within the essence and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. The headings used here are for organizational purposes only and are not intended to be used to limit the scope of the description or claims. As used throughout this order, the word "may" is used in an optional sense (ie, meaning the potential of) rather than in the obligatory sense (ie, meaning should). Similarly, the words "include", "including" and "includes" mean including, but not limited to. Detailed description of the modalities
[0044] Various modalities of computer systems, and systems and methods of cooling computer systems are disclosed. According to a modality, a data center includes a row of one or more cabinets. Computer systems (such as servers) are mounted in cabinets. A cold corridor is on the first side of the row of cabinets and a hot corridor is on the second side of the row of cabinets. An air handling system moves air from the cold aisle on the first side of the row of cabinets through the computer systems in at least one of the cabinets and discharges air from the computer systems into the hot aisle on the second side of the cabinet. row of cabinets. Computer systems include input/output connectors, power input connectors, and power supply air inlets on the first side (cold aisle side) of the row. One or more power cabinet power distribution units may be provided on the first side (cold aisle side) of the row.
[0045] According to an embodiment, a system includes a shelf and one or more computer systems (such as servers) mounted in the cabinet. Computer systems may include an air inlet side including air inlets, an air outlet side including air outlets, and a power supply unit. When one or more fans move air through at least one of the air intakes on the air inlet side, through one or more heat producing components of the computer system, and through at least one of the air outlets of the exhaust air side, and a power supply unit. The power supply unit includes a power supply compartment enclosing at least one of the heat producing components, a power supply module in the compartment, and one or more power supply air inlets. The power supply module supplies power to electrical components outside the enclosure. Power supply air inlets allow air to enter the power supply compartment. At least one of the power supply air intakes is located on the air intake side of the computer system.
[0046] According to an embodiment, a cabinet-mountable computer system includes a chassis mountable in a cabinet, and a power supply unit coupled to the chassis. The power supply unit includes a power supply compartment, a power supply module and a fan. The power supply compartment has a panel that faces away from the chassis. The outward facing panel includes one or more air vents. The fan draws air through openings in the panel and through one or more heat producing components of the power supply module. In one embodiment, a method of cooling the components includes providing an air displacement device for heat-producing components of a cabinet-mounted computer system. Air is drawn from outside the cabinet-mounted computer system into a power supply compartment to the power supply unit. Air is expelled from the power supply compartment into a compartment for the cabinet-mounted computer system. In certain embodiments, a standard power supply unit is modified to reverse an air flow direction in the power supply unit.
[0047] According to an embodiment, a system includes a cabinet and one or more computer systems mounted in the cabinet. One or more cabinet power distribution units attaches to the cabinet on one or more sides of the cabinet. Enclosure power distribution units supply power to the computer system in the enclosure. Cabinet power distribution units can be swivel with respect to the cabinet to allow installation or removal of computer systems on the side of the cabinet where the cabinet power distribution units are mounted.
[0048] According to an embodiment, a system includes a cabinet, one or more computer systems in the cabinet, one or more cabinet power distribution units, and one or more docking devices. Docking devices couple the cabinet power distribution units to the cabinet in such a way that the cabinet power distribution unit is movable in relation to the cabinet while the cabinet power distribution units remain installed in the cabinet to allow for installation or removal of computer systems on the side of the chassis on which the chassis power distribution units are mounted.
[0049] According to an embodiment, a coupling device for coupling a cabinet power distribution unit to a cabinet includes one or more shelves and one or more cabinet coupling portions. Shelves include one or more PDU coupling portions that mate with an enclosure power distribution unit. Cabinet coupling portions allow movement of the shelf in relation to the cabinet.
[0050] According to an embodiment, a method of performing maintenance or reconfiguration on computer systems in an enclosure includes moving a power distribution unit from an operating position to a maintenance position while the power distribution unit cabinet power remains coupled to the cabinet. When the cabinet power distribution unit is in the service position, the cabinet power distribution unit is out of the installation/removal path for the computer systems in the cabinet. A computer system is at least partially removed from the cabinet or installed in the cabinet while the cabinet power distribution unit is in the maintenance position.
[0051] According to an embodiment, a computer system includes a chassis, one or more hard disk drives coupled to the chassis, and one or more air passages under at least one of the hard disk drives. Air passages include one or more air inlets and one or more air outlets. Inlets direct at least a portion of the air down into the passages. The passages allow air to travel from the air inlets to the air outlets.
[0052] According to an embodiment, a tray for containing one or more data storage devices includes one or more support portions that support the data storage devices and one or more spacing portions that establish one or more passages of air below the data storage devices when the tray is installed in a computer system.
[0053] Under one embodiment, a method includes moving air into passages under the hard drives of a computer system, allowing heat from heat-producing components in the hard drives to transfer air in the passages, and remove the air from the passages.
[0054] According to an embodiment, a system includes a chassis, one or more computer systems mounted in the chassis, and two or more alternating current (AC) fans mounted in the chassis. AC fans move air through computer systems mounted in the case. At least one of the AC fans can draw air through at least two of the computer systems mounted in the case.
[0055] According to an embodiment, a system includes a chassis, one or more computer systems mounted in the chassis, and one or more fans attached to the chassis in an angular orientation. The fans move air through computer systems mounted in the case. At least one of the fans can draw air through at least two of the computer systems mounted in the case.
[0056] According to an embodiment, a system for providing airflow through computer systems in a chassis includes a mounting panel that mounts to the chassis and one or more fan modules. Fan modules include a fan chassis and one or more fans. The mounting panel holds the fan modules at an angle to the case.
[0057] According to an embodiment, a method includes coupling the AC fans to a cabinet such that the AC fans are in an angular orientation with respect to the cabinet, and operating the AC fans to displace air through the computer systems in the cabinet.
[0058] As used herein, "air intake side" is one side of a system or element, such as a server, that can receive air within the system or element.
[0059] As used herein, "exhaust air side" is a side of a system or element, such as a server, that can: discharge, expel, or expel air from the system or element.
[0060] As used herein, "air handling system" means a system that supplies or displaces air to, or removes air from, one or more systems or components.
[0061] As used herein, "air displacement device" includes any device, element, system, or combinations thereof that can displace air. Examples of air displacement devices include fans, blowers, and compressed air systems.
[0062] As used herein, a "hallway" means a space close to one or more cabinets.
[0063] As used herein, "environment" means, with respect to a system or installation, the air surrounding at least a part of the system or installation. For example, with respect to a data center, ambient air may be the air outside the data center, for example, in or near an intake hood of an air handling system for the data center.
[0064] As used herein, a "cable" includes any cable, conduit, or line that carries one or more conductors and that is flexible for at least a portion of its length. A cable can include a connector part, such as a plug, at one or more of its ends.
[0065] As used herein, "chassis" means a structure or element that supports another element, or on which other elements can be mounted. A chassis can be of any shape or construction, including a frame, a sheet, a sheet, a box, a channel, or a combination thereof. A chassis for a computer system can support circuit board assemblies, power supply units, data storage devices, fans, cables, and other computer system components.
[0066] As used herein, "computing" includes any operations that can be performed by a computer, such as computing, data storage, data retrieval, or communications.
[0067] As used herein, "computer system" includes any one of several computer systems or components thereof. An example of a computer system is a cabinet-mounted server. As used herein, the term computer is not limited to just those integrated circuits referred to in the art as a computer, but broadly refers to a processor, a server, a microcontroller, a microcomputer, a programmable logic controller ( PLC), an application-specific integrated circuit, and other programmable circuits, and these terms are used interchangeably here. In various embodiments, memory can include, but is not limited to, a computer-readable medium, such as random access memory (RAM). Alternatively, a laser disk readable memory (CC-ROM), a magneto-optical disk (MOD), and/or a digital versatile disk (DVD) can also be used. Furthermore, additional input channels can include computer peripherals associated with an operator interface such as a mouse and keyboard. Alternatively, other computer peripherals can also be used which can include, for example, a scanner. Additionally, in some embodiments, additional output channels may include an operator interface monitor and/or a printer.
[0068] As used herein, "coupling device" includes an element or combination of elements that can be used to couple an element or structure to one or more other elements or structures. Examples of a coupling device include a shelf, a hinge, a connecting rod, a hinge, a rail, or combination thereof.
[0069] As used herein, “data center” includes any facility or part of a facility in which computer operations are performed. A data center can include servers dedicated to specific functions or performing multiple functions. Examples of computer operations include information processing, communications, testing, simulations, energy distribution and control, and operational control.
[0070] As used herein, "data center module" means a module that includes, or is capable of housing and/or physically supporting, one or more computer systems that can provide computing resources for a data center.
[0071] As used herein, to "direct" air includes directing or channeling air, such as to a region or point in space. In various embodiments, air movement to direct air can be induced by creating a high pressure region, a low pressure region, or a combination of the two. For example, air can be directed downwards inside a chassis by creating a low pressure region at the bottom of the chassis. In some modalities, the air is directed using vanes, panels, plates, baffles, tubes or other structural elements.
[0072] As used herein, a "duct" includes any device, equipment, element, or part thereof, which can: direct, segregate, or channel, a fluid such as air. Examples of ducts include cloth or fabric ducts, sheet metal ducts, molded ducts, tubes or pipes. The cross-sectional shape of a duct gallery can be square, rectangular, rounded, or irregular, and can be uniform or change across the length of the duct. A duct can be a separately produced component or integral with one or more other components, such as a frame.
[0073] As used herein, a "module" is a component or a combination of components physically coupled together. A module can include functional elements and systems, such as computer systems, circuit boards, shelves, blowers, ducts, and power distribution units, as well as structural elements, such as a base, a frame, housing, or container.
[0074] As used herein, a "pin" includes any element that can be positioned to constrain or retain another element in a desired position or orientation. Suitable pins may include straight pins, fasteners, studs, non-threaded studs, bars, plates, hooks, rods or screws.
[0075] As used herein, “power distribution unit” means any device, module, component, or combination thereof, which can be used to distribute electrical energy. The elements of a power distribution unit can be incorporated into a single component or assembly (such as a transformer and an enclosure power distribution unit housed in a common compartment), or they can be distributed between two or more components or assemblies (such as a transformer and a power distribution unit of individually housed cabinets in a separate compartment, and associated cables, etc.).
[0076] As used herein, a "cabinet" means a rack, container, frame or other element or combination of elements that can contain or physically support one or more computer systems.
[0077] As used herein, “cabinet power distribution unit” refers to a power distribution unit that can be used to distribute electrical power to multiple components in a cabinet. An enclosure power distribution unit can include various components and elements, including wiring, busbars, connectors, and circuit breakers.
[0078] As used herein, "room" means a room or space in a building. As used herein, "computer room" means a room in a building in which computer systems, such as servers mounted in cabinets, are operated.
[0079] As used herein, a "space" means a space, area or volume.
[0080] In some embodiments, electrical connections and inlet air for computer systems mounted in cabinets are provided at a common end of the cabinet system. Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a system that includes electrical connections and inlet openings at the front end of a cabinet system. System 100 includes cabinet 102 and computer systems 104. Computer systems 104 are installed on front pillars 106 and rear pillars 108 of cabinet 102.
[0081] Each of the computer systems 104 includes chassis 112, circuit board assembly 114, power supply unit 116, and hard disk drives 118. In some embodiments, circuit board assembly 114 is a motherboard for computer system 104. In certain embodiments, a power supply unit can supply power to two or more motherboard assemblies in a computer system. In some embodiments, each of the computer systems 104 is 1 shelf unit (1U) high. In one embodiment, cabinet 102 is a 42U cabinet.
[0082] On the front 119 of computer system 104, computer system 104 includes input/output panel 120 and air openings 122. Power supply unit 116 includes power supply panel 132. power 132 includes input power receptacle 134 and air openings 136.
[0083] Cabinet 102 includes base 140, posts 142, and top panel 144. Posts 142 include front hinge elements 146 and rear hinge elements 148. In some embodiments, cabinet 102 may include panels at any or all of the sides, front, and back of cabinet 102 (a right side panel of cabinet 102 has been partially omitted in Figure 1 for clarity).
[0084] Enclosure 102 includes tailgate 160. Tailgate 160 is coupled to enclosure 102 on rear hinge elements 148. Tailgate 160 includes fans 162. Fans 162 can be operated to provide airflow through the airflow systems. computer 104. In one embodiment, fans 162 create a low pressure region within case 102 at the rear of computer systems 104. Air can be drawn in from the front of case 102 through computer systems 104 and discharged to out on the back of case 102 through fans 162.
[0085] Enclosure 102 includes power distribution units from enclosure 170. Power distribution units from enclosure 170 are mounted on PDU 172 shelves. PDU 172 shelves include 174 hinges. PDU 172 shelves are attached to enclosure posts 142 on front hinge elements 146. Cabinet power distribution units 170 include output receptacles 176. Cabinet power distribution units 170 can supply power to computer systems 104. For each computer system 104, one of power cables 178 may couple one of output receptacles 176 in cabinet power distribution unit 170 with input receptacle 134 in power supply unit 116 of the computer system.
[0086] Power connectors for a power cord and the corresponding receptacles on an enclosure power distribution unit and power supply can be any of several connector types. In one embodiment, cabinet power distribution units 170 have IEC C13 receptacles and power supply units 116 have ICE C14 receptacles.
[0087] Enclosure power distribution unit 170 can have any suitable power characteristic. Examples of output voltages for the 170 Enclosure Power Distribution Unit include 100 volts, 110 volts, 208 volts, and 230 volts. In certain embodiments, each of the receptacles in cabinet power distribution unit 170 is on a three-phase input power phase to the cabinet power distribution unit.
[0088] Computer systems 104 can be cabinet mounted in cabinet 102. For example, rails can be installed on the left and right sides of chassis 104 to engage rails, slides, or corresponding tabs on the left and right sides , from a cabinet. In certain embodiments, a rail kit can be installed on the sides of the chassis for computer systems.
[0089] Although only four of the computer systems 104 are shown installed in cabinet 102 in Figure 1, for clarity, the system cabinets can, in various embodiments, have any number of computer systems. For example, chassis 102 can contain a computer system in each 1U position in chassis 102. In one embodiment, a chassis system has approximately 20 1U computer systems.
[0090] Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of a computer system that can be mounted in a cabinet. Computer system 104 includes top cover 177. Top cover 177 can be pivotally connected to chassis 112 at top cover hinges 179. In Figure 2 the top cover 177 has been pivoted away from its closed position at the top cover hinges 179 to expose the internal components of the computer system 104.
[0091] Circuit board assembly 114 includes circuit board 180, processors 182, DIMM sockets 184, and I/O connectors 186. Circuit board assembly 114 can include various other semiconductor devices, resistors, and other components heat generators. The circuit board assembly 114, together with other components in chassis 112 (hard disk drives, power supplies) and/or components external to chassis 112 can operate in conjunction with each other as a computer system. For example, computer system 100 can be a file server.
[0092] In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the computer system 104 includes a power supply unit and 12 hard disk drives. A computer system can however have any number of hard disk drives, power supply units or other components. In certain embodiments, a computer system can have one or more internal fans to promote airflow through a computer system. For example, in certain embodiments, a row of fans may be provided along the trailing edge of computer system 104. In certain embodiments, a power source may be external to a computer system. For example, in certain embodiments, circuit board assembly 114 may receive power from an external power supply to computer system 104 (such as a cabinet-level power supply), and power supply 130 may be omitted.
[0093] Heatsinks 189 are mounted on processors 142. Heatsinks 189 can transfer heat from processors 142 to the air inside chassis 112 during operation of computer system 100. DIMMs (not shown for clarity) can be installed on any or all DIMM 184 slots.
[0094] When the top cover 177 is in a service position (eg, rotated outward over the front panel of computer system 104, as shown in Figure 2), the top cover 177 can serve as a work tray . The work tray can be used during maintenance operations. For example, maintenance personnel can support components such as hard drives, cables, and circuit board assemblies in the top cover 177. In some embodiments, the top cover can include structural reinforcement, such as ribs, to increase the amount. and the weight of the materials that can be supported on the top cover 177. In certain embodiments, the top cover 177 includes textured or non-slip surface elements or treatments to help keep work materials, such as cables, in place during operation. maintenance.
[0095] When computer system 104 is to be reinstalled in cabinet 102, top cover 177 may be pivoted back to a closed position on computer system 104. In some embodiments, top cover 177 includes a latch to secure the cover top in the closed position on the computer system 104.
[0096] In some embodiments, a system of cabinets is arranged so that air is received within computer systems in a cabinet on the same side of the cabinet as the input/output connections and power connections to the computer systems. In one embodiment, a portion of the air may flow into inlets in a chassis for a computer system and another portion of the air may flow into a power supply unit for the computer system.
[0097] In certain embodiments, all connections to a server are located in a cold aisle to the cabinet system. Locating all connections in a cold aisle can allow maintenance personnel to avoid having to perform any operations in a hot aisle. Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment of a data center having power and data connections on a cold aisle side of a row of cabinets. Data center 190 includes cabinet row 192, cold aisle 194, and hot aisle 196. Row 192 includes cabinet 102 and computer systems 104. Each of cabinet 102 includes cabinet power distribution units 170 and fans 162. Cold aisle 194 can provide an air supply for cooling computer systems 104 in cabinets 102. Fans 162 can draw air from cold aisle 194 to cabinets 102 and through computer systems 104 and then exhaust air to from computer systems to hot aisles 196. In one mode, the air entering the servers from the cold aisle can be approximately 35 degrees Celsius. In one modality, the air discharged from the servers into the hot aisle can be at approximately 50 to 55 degrees Celsius.
[0098] Figure 4 illustrates airflow through a computer system in one mode. Power supply unit 116 of computer system 104 includes power supply compartment 202, power supply circuit board assembly 204, fan 206, and air openings 208. Power supply circuit board assembly 204 can receive power from input power receptacle 134 and supply power to electrical components in computer system 104. Fan 206 can displace air through power supply compartment 202 and through heat generating components in the assembly. of power supply circuit boards 204.
[0099] In some embodiments, air is drawn into a power supply unit compartment from outside the computer system and expelled into a computer system chassis. For example, as illustrated in Figure 4, fan 206 can draw air from external computer system 104 into power supply container 202 through air openings 136, through power supply circuit board assembly. power, and expel the air through the air openings 208 into the chassis 112 of the computer system 104.
[00100] In various embodiments, a computer system includes a power supply that conforms to an industry recognized standard. In some embodiments, a power supply for a computer system has a form factor in accordance with a recognized industry standard. In one embodiment, a power supply unit has a standard 1U form factor. Examples of other standards for a power supply and/or a power supply form factor include 2U, 3U, SFX, ATX, NLX, LPX or WTX.
[00101] In some embodiments, the default power supply is modified to reverse the air flow to the power supply unit. For example, in the stock configuration of a standard 1U power supply with the form factor shown in Figure 4, the fan 206 can draw air into the power supply compartment 202 through air openings 208, and expel the air. air out of the power supply compartment through air vents 136 (i.e., pulling air from inside the computer system and expelling air to the outside at the front panel of the server). In some embodiments, the air flow in the standard power supply can be reversed such that the fan 206 draws air into the power supply compartment 202 through air openings 136 and out of the power supply compartment. 202 through air openings 208 (which results in the air flow being from the outside into the computer system). In one modality, airflow reversal is accomplished by reversing the fan wiring from the stock configuration. In another embodiment, reversing the airflow is accomplished by changing the orientation of the fan such that the air flows in the opposite direction to that of the stock configuration.
[00102] In some embodiments, input and output power specifications for a power forwarding device may conform to an industry standard. In one modality, voltages and functions conform to an ATX standard. In various other embodiments, the output from a power forwarding device may conform to other standards, such as Input Level Power Supply Specification or EPS12V.
[00103] In some embodiments, an input power receptacle and an air intake for a power supply are located at a common end of a computer system. For example, in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, the input power receptacle 134 and air openings 136 are located in the power supply panel 132. The power supply unit 116 is oriented in the chassis 112 such that the panel. of power supply 132 aligns with input/output panel 120 on front 119 of computer system 104.
[00104] Hard disk drives 118 are mounted on tray 222. Air exiting power supply compartment 202 can flow towards the rear of computer system 104 through channels 220 under hard disk drives 118. The air passing over the circuit board assembly 114 can also flow toward the back of the computer system 104 through channels 220 under hard drives 118. Air flowing through channels 220 under hard drives 118 can remove the heat from heat generating components in hard disk drives 118, such as control components and electric motors. Air can exit from the back of computer system 104. Tray 222 includes rim 221. In some embodiments, rim 221 can block all or a portion of the air in a chassis by preventing passage over hard disk drives 118. In certain embodiments, hard disk drive enclosures can block the passage of all or a portion of the air in the chassis over the hard disk drives. By blocking the air passage over the hard drives, the rim 221 can redirect air to flow through the channels 220 under the hard drives 118.
[00105] Figure 5 illustrates a rear view of computer system 104. Tray 222 for hard drives 118 and panels 223 and bottom panel 224 in chassis 112 define openings 225 in the rear 226 of computer system 104. The air flowing under hard disk drives 118 can exit the computer system through openings 225. Tray 222 can be held under top tabs 226 of chassis 112. Tray 222 can be secured to the rear of tray 222 via screws 227. Screws 227 can pass through holes in the tray and thread into rear tabs 228 of chassis 112.
[00106] In some embodiments, removing downstream air from a set of circuit boards at the bottom of a computer system compartment can improve airflow over the set of circuit boards. Figure 6 illustrates a schematic side view of airflow through a computer system according to an embodiment. Air may flow over circuit board assembly 114 to the rear of circuit board assembly 114, where air is drawn under hard disk drives 118. Removing downstream air by passing over a circuit board assembly near the underside of a chassis, such as through channels 220 under the hard disk drives 118, can improve airflow through the circuit board assembly 114 by increasing the velocity of airflow on the surface of the board assembly of circuit 114 and/or increase air turbulence on or near the circuit board.
[00107] In some embodiments, air leaving a power supply unit may mix with air used to cool other heat-generating components in a computer system enclosure, such as a central processing unit. Figure 7 is a schematic top view illustrating airflow through a computer system in one embodiment. A portion of the air may enter the power supply unit 116 through air openings 136 and be expelled into the chassis 112 of the computer system 104 through the air openings 208. A second portion of the air may enter the computer system 104 through air openings 122 and passes over the circuit board assembly 114. Air passing through the power supply unit 116 and over the circuit board assembly 114 can mix downstream of the power supply and the circuit board assembly. circuit board. Mixing air from the power supply unit 116 and circuit board assembly can result in more uniform air temperatures flowing through downstream components such as hard disk drives 118. For example, relatively warm air from from the power supply unit 116 may mix with the relatively cool air near the rear of the circuit board assembly 114. In some embodiments, the power cable 230 to the power supply unit 116 may serve as a diffuser for the air exiting the power supply unit 116. In certain embodiments, a computer system may include dedicated elements for mixing the air, such as fins. For example, fins may be provided on the underside of chassis 112 of computer system 104.
[00108] In the modalities described above, the air discharged from the power supply unit mixes with the air from other components of the computer system. In other embodiments, however, air from a power supply may be segregated from other air within a computer system enclosure. For example, in one embodiment, air exiting power supply unit 116 may be segregated from other air in chassis 114 and displaced to the rear of computer system 104 in a separate duct. In certain embodiments, a computer system may include a barrier between air exiting a power supply unit and other air within a computer system enclosure. In some embodiments, a computer system can include a dedicated fan for cooling a power supply unit. The dedicated fan can be used to increase airflow over the heat generating components in the power supply unit.
[00109] In some embodiments, one or more cabinet power distribution units is provided on the air inlet side of a cabinet. Cabinet power distribution units can be at the same end of the cabinet as the connections for power supplies to servers in the cabinet. Referring again to Figure 1, system 100 includes cabinet power distribution units 170 on the left and right sides of cabinet 102 in front of cabinet 102.
[00110] In some embodiments, cabinet power distribution units are attached to a cabinet by means of a coupling device. In some embodiments, the coupling device allows movement or repositioning of the cabinet power distribution unit, for example, during maintenance operations. Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of a cabinet power distribution unit in a docking device that allows movement of the cabinet power distribution unit.
[00111] Enclosure power distribution unit 170 includes enclosure PDU enclosure 240. Enclosure power distribution unit 170 is mounted on shelf 172. Shelf 172 can serve as a docking device for the enclosure power distribution unit. cabinet power 170. Shelf 172 is coupled to cabinet 102 via hinges 242. Cabinet power distribution unit 170 can be coupled to shelf 172 by engaging buttons 147 in keyholes 249.
[00112] Each of the hinges 242 includes hinge element 243 and hinge element 244. The hinge elements 244 may be on the cabinet side of the hinge 242. The hinge element 243 may be on the far side of the hinge 242. The elements hinge 243 and hinge elements 244 can cooperate to form a hinge 242 between shelf 172 and cabinet 102. Cabinet power distribution unit 170 can pivot on hinges 242.
[00113] In some embodiments, the hinge elements 244 may form part of a standard stock metal structure. The locations and dimensions of the hinge element 243 of the shelf 172 can be chosen to match the locations and dimensions of the hinge elements 243 of the standard stock cabinet. In certain embodiments, a door may be removed from a standard stock cabinet and replaced with one or more cabinet power distribution units, hinge-mounted, as shown above in relation to Figure 8.
[00114] In some embodiments, a shelf for mounting a cabinet power distribution unit may be reversible such that the same shelf can be used on either side of the cabinet. For example, shelf 172 may be reversible such that shelf 172 can be used to attach power distribution units from cabinets 170 to either side of cabinet 102.
[00115] In certain embodiments, hinge element 243 may be formed of sheet metal as an integral part of shelf 172. In other embodiments, hinge element 243 may be produced as a separate part and then secured to shelf 172, for example, by rivets, screws, or welding.
[00116] Cabinet power distribution unit 170 may include any number of receptacles. For example, referring to Figure 1, each of the cabinet power distribution units 170 on the left and right sides of cabinet 102 may include 21 receptacles. Cabinet power distribution unit 170 can receive input power through cable 241. Each of the receptacles 176 in cabinet power distribution unit 170 can be coupled to a different computer system 104 in cabinet 102 via a of the power cords 178 (in Figure 8, the power cord 178 is shown for only one such connection, for clarity).
[00117] Figure 9 is a schematic top view illustrating an embodiment of a cabinet system with cabinet power distribution units in a normal position. Figure 10 is a schematic top view illustrating an embodiment of a cabinet system with cabinet power distribution units in a maintenance position. System 100 includes cabinet 102, computer systems 104, and cabinet power distribution units 170. Cabinet power distribution units 170 are coupled to cabinet 102 via shelves 172. of cabinets 170 are in a normal position (as shown, for example, in Figure 9), the power distribution units of cabinets 170 and/or shelves 172 may be in the installation/removal path 248 of the computer systems 102. cabinet 170 power distribution units can be repositioned into a maintenance position (as shown, for example, in Figure 10). When cabinet power distribution units 170 are rotated relative to cabinet 102 on shelves 172, power cables 178 may unwind relative to the pivot axis of the hinge. Unthreading and/or unwinding power cables 178 can reduce or eliminate tension in power cable 178 when receptacles in cabinet power distribution unit 170 are rotated away from computer systems 104.
[00118] With cabinet 170 power distribution units in a service position, any of the computer systems 104 in cabinet 102 can be installed or removed from cabinet 104. For example, computer system 104' can be slid away. out of cabinet 102 while the power distribution units of cabinet 170 are in the service position.
[00119] In some embodiments, cabinet power distribution units are provided at both ends of a cabinet. Cabinet power distribution units can be movable with respect to the cabinet to facilitate access to servers in the cabinet.
[00120] In some embodiments, mobile cabinet power distribution units are provided at both ends of a cold/cold cabinet system. Figure 11 illustrates a schematic top view of an embodiment of a data center having a row of cold/cold cabinet systems with cabinet power distribution units at both ends of the cabinet. Figure 12 illustrates a schematic end view of the data center shown in Figure 11. Data center 250 includes computer room 251, basement chamber 252, and plenum 253. Computer room 251 includes cold/cold cabinet systems 254 in common row 255. In one embodiment, cold/cold cabinet system 254 is a mid-depth server made by Rackable Systems, Inc. Row 255 separates cold aisles 256.
[00121] Each 254 cold/cold cabinet system includes cabinet 257 and 258 half-depth servers. The 258 servers can be any height including 1U, 2U, or 3U. In each cold/cold cabinet system 254, the middle column 259 is provided or formed in the space between the front stack of half-deep servers 258 and the rear stack of half-deep servers 258. The 258 servers in the cold cabinet systems /cool 254 are cooled by the action of pulling air into the 254 cabinet system in both the front and rear of the cabinet system, and removing the air from the middle column 259 through the top of cabinets 257.
[00122] To remove heat from servers 258, an air handling system can be operated to cause air to flow from underground 252 to computer room 251 through openings in hallway floor 260. air from aisle floor openings 260 can pass from cold aisles 256 into cold/cold cabinet systems 254. In one embodiment, the airflow in the cabinets is approximately 450 cubic feet per minute per cabinet, on hand. Air flows from the front side and rear side of the 254 cabinet systems through half-depth servers 258 to the middle column 259. The air in the middle column 279 passes out through the tops of the 257 cabinets.
[00123] Cold/Cold Cabinet Systems 254 include power distribution units from Cabinets 170. Power Distribution Units from Cabinets 170 are coupled to Cabinets 102 of Cold/Cold Cabinet Systems 254 on Shelves 172. The Distribution Units The power distribution units of cabinets 170 and shelves 172 may be similar to those described above with respect to Figure 8. The shelves 172 may provide a hinged connection between the power distribution units of cabinets 170 and the cabinet 102. cabinets 170 can be rotated (eg, by maintenance personnel) to provide access to servers 258.
[00124] Air from cold aisles 256 may pass through cabinet power distribution units 170 before passing through servers 258. Circulation of cold air in the area of cabinet power distribution units 170 may reduce an risk of failure of power distribution units 170 (eg failure due to overheating of circuit breakers in cabinet power distribution units).
[00125] Power cables (not shown in Figures 11 and 12 for clarity) may connect input power receptacles on power supply units 116 on servers 258 to output power receptacles on cabinet power distribution units 170 Figure 13 is a schematic top view illustrating a power connection for one of cabinet systems 254 with cabinet power distribution unit 170 in a closed position. Figure 14 is a schematic top view illustrating a power connection for one of cabinet systems 254 with cabinet power distribution unit in an open position. When enclosure power distribution unit 170 is in an open position, any of the servers in enclosure system 254 can be removed from enclosure system 254 (as illustrated in Figure 11).
[00126] Figure 15 illustrates an embodiment of a cabinet system with two power distribution units on a single shelf. Two cabinet 170 power distribution units are attached to shelf 264. Shelf 264 is attached to cabinet 102. Each of the cabinet 170 power distribution units may include a series of power receptacles. In one embodiment, each of the cabinet power distribution units 170 includes 21 receptacles.
[00127] In the embodiments shown in Figure 8-10, shelf 172 couples a cabinet power distribution unit for rotational movement relative to a cabinet around hinge 242. A coupling device may, however, couple a cabinet unit. power distribution from cabinets to other types of movement in relation to a cabinet. Figure 16 is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of a cabinet system including a cabinet power distribution unit coupled to a cabinet via a hinge. The cabinet system 100 includes link 266. The link 266 couples the cabinet power distribution unit 170 to the cabinet 102. The link 266 includes links 267 and the link 268. The cabinet power distribution unit 170 can be relocated in the middle hinge 266 to provide access to computer systems 104.
[00128] In certain embodiments, a cabinet power distribution unit may be coupled for translation with respect to a cabinet. Figure 17 is a schematic view illustrating an embodiment of a cabinet system including a cabinet power distribution unit in a sliding arrangement. Enclosure system 100 includes sliding coupling 272. Sliding coupling includes plate 273 and rail 274. Enclosure power distribution unit 170 can be fitted on rail 274. Enclosure power distribution unit 170 can be slid onto rail 274 in the direction of the arrows to provide access to computer systems 104.
[00129] Figure 18 illustrates an embodiment of a cabinet system that includes a front cabinet power distribution unit and cabinet doors. Cabinet power distribution unit 170 is coupled to cabinet 102 through shelf 275. In some embodiments, shelf 275 is connected to rail 102 via one or more hinges. Doors 276 can be attached to shelf 276. In certain embodiments, shelf 275 can use hinge elements in a standard stock cabinet. In certain embodiments, shelves 275 and doors 276 can replace standard cabinet doors on a stock cabinet.
[00130] Figure 19 illustrates an embodiment of a tray for hard disk drives in a computer system. The tray 222 includes a base 280 and securing bars 282. The securing bars 282 can hold the hard disk drives 118 (not shown in Figure 19 for clarity) in position on the base 280.
[00131] The base 280 of the tray 222 includes hard disk support plate 281, risers 283, and peripheral frame 277. The risers 283 can separate hard disk drives from the bottom of a chassis of a system. computer (such as chassis 112). Air passages 220 can be defined between risers 283 when tray 222 is installed in the chassis.
[00132] The support plate 281 includes openings 279. The openings 281 can promote the transfer of heat from the heat generating components in the hard disk drives to the air moving through the air passages 220. In certain embodiments, heatsinks Heat sinks may be provided on the underside of the hard disk drives to promote heat transfer to the air passages 220. In some embodiments, heat sinks are provided on tray 222. In other embodiments, heat sinks may be attached on the hard drives in the tray.
[00133] Tray 222 includes pads 286 in base 280. Pads 286 can protect hard disk drives 118 from vibration and/or shock loads. In one embodiment, the pads 286 are made of a polymeric material.
[00134] In some embodiments, the spacing elements and the hard disk drive support elements of a tray may be integral to each other. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 19, for example, support plate 281, risers 283, and peripheral frame 284 can all be formed as one piece. In one embodiment, the support plate 281 and risers 283 are formed integrally from sheet metal. In other embodiments, support plate 281 and risers 283 are separate pieces, which can be coupled together by fasteners, solders, adhesive or otherwise. In various embodiments, the support portions and/or spacing portions of a tray can include rails, tubes, rods, bars, or any other structural elements.
[00135] Figure 20 illustrates an embodiment of a fixing bar in a raised position from the base of a tray. Anchor bar 282 may be pivotally coupled to base 280 via pins 284. Anchor bar 282 includes arms 287 and cross member 288. Cross member 288 includes channels 289 and wings 290. Channels 289 and wings 290 can combine to form a reverse hat section on each side of cross member 288. Wings 290 can engage edges of hard drives to secure hard drives in tray 222.
[00136] Figure 21 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of a tray for hard disk drives. In Figure 21, locking bars 282 are in a closed position on base 280 (hard disk drives have been omitted for clarity).
[00137] Figure 22 illustrates a cross section of the locking bar in adjacent disk drives. Each of the wings 290 of the clamp bar 282 may contact an upper surface of one of the hard disk drives 118. The contact between the wings 290 of the clamp bar 282 and the upper surfaces of the hard disk drives may retain the disk drives drive in tray 222. For some of the 118 hard drives, one edge of the hard drive is retained by one of the 285 tabs on a tray 222 frame, and the opposite edge of the hard drive is retained by one of the wings 290, as shown in Figure 4.
[00138] In some embodiments, the anchor bar 282 may be resiliently biased such that the wings 219 rest on the hard disk drives. For example, in certain embodiments, tray 222 may include a torsion spring in the pivotal connection between clamp bar 282 and base 280. The torsion spring may resiliently bias clamp bars 282 into contact with hard disk drives 118.
[00139] In another embodiment, the torsion springs may resiliently bias the attachment bars away from the base 280 (eg to facilitate removal of the hard disk drives).
[00140] Figure 23 illustrates a tray with securing bars in an open position to allow removal of hard drives from the tray. Attachment bars 282 can be lifted to allow installation or removal of hard disk drives 118.
[00141] In some embodiments, elements to hold down hard drives can be used as carrying handles for the hard drives, or as carrying handles for a computer system in which the tray is mounted. For example, the tie bars 282 can be held by a user to load the hard disk drives 118. In some embodiments, the tray 222 is used without tools so that no tools are required to install the tray 222 or to install or remove the hard drives from the tray.
[00142] Figure 24 illustrates an embodiment of a locking mechanism for the hard disk drive tray. Clamp bar 282 includes pin 291 and pin mounting bracket 292. Pin mounting bracket 292 is coupled to clamp bar 282 at the base of channel 289. Pin 291 is arranged to slide into the pin mounting bracket 292. Tie bar 282 includes through hole 293 for pin 291.
[00143] When clamp bar 282 is lowered to a closed position on hard disk drives 118, pin 291 and through hole 293 can align with hole 294 in base 280 of tray 222. Pin 291 can be advanced into hole 294. In certain embodiments, pin 291 may be spring loaded to engage with hole 294 of base 280. Engagement of pin 291 with hole of base 280 may retain tie bar 282 in a locked position on units of hard disk 118.
[00144] Although in Figure 24, the tie bar 282 is locked with pin 291, a tray assembly for hard disk drives can, in various embodiments, include other locking mechanisms and locking elements. Examples of locking mechanisms and locking elements include screws, cams, wedges, springs (eg, leaf spring), and retaining mechanisms. In certain embodiments, hard drives can be attached to a tray assembly through an interference fit between the hard drives and the tray.
[00145] Although in the embodiments described above, the tray has been used to mount hard disk drives in an upright position, in the various embodiments a computer system can include any of a number of data storage devices mounted in an upright position.
[00146] Although in the embodiments described above, all hard disk drives are tray-mounted, in various embodiments, hard disk drives or other data storage devices can be mounted in a chassis using other mounting elements. For example, hard disk drives can be mounted on square tubes that support the drives and lift the drives above the bottom of a chassis.
[00147] In some embodiments, a tray can provide structural reinforcement for components in a chassis, such as hard disk drives. Referring again to Figure 5, risers 283A, 283B, and 283C may mate with bottom panel 296 of chassis 112. In some embodiments, risers 283A, 283B, and 283C may rest on bottom panel 224. In embodiments, risers 283A, 283B, and 283C may be attached to bottom panel 224, such as by screws, solders, or other attachments. Side panels 223 and/or top flaps 226 of chassis 112 may mate with peripheral frame 277 of tray 222. Elements of tray 222 and chassis 112 may combine to form a box section assembly for hard disk drives 118. For example, bottom panel 296, risers 283A and 283C, and support plate 281 can combine to form a rectangular box section. A box section can reduce the deformation of a chassis, such as bottom panel 224 bending, which could occur if hard disk drives 118 were installed directly on the chassis bottom panel 112.
[00148] In some embodiments, a chassis system includes chassis-mounted fans external to computer systems in the chassis. Cabinet-mounted fans can provide airflow through computer systems. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, for example, system 100 includes fans 162.
[00149] Figure 25 illustrates a rear view of an embodiment of a cabinet system. System 100 includes cabinet 102 and tailgate 160. Tailgate 160 mates with cabinet 102 at hinges 148. Fan modules 300 mates with and are supported by tailgate 160.
[00150] Figure 26 illustrates a fan module modality for a case. Fan module 300 includes one or more fans 302 and housing 304. Housing 304 includes handle 305.
[00151] The fan module 300 can be mounted in a one-panel door (see, for example, the rear door 160 shown in Figure 25 and Figure 27). Fans 302 can provide airflow in cabinet 102.
[00152] In some embodiments, fans 302 are alternating current (AC) fans. In one embodiment, the 302 fans have a nominal input voltage of approximately 100V - 120V. In one embodiment, the 302 fans have a nominal input voltage of approximately 230V. The 302 fans can receive power from the distribution units power supply at the cabinet level (such as the cabinet power distribution unit 170 described above in relation to Figure 1). In some embodiments, the 300 fan modules in a cabinet can be hot swapped. In some embodiments, a manual power switch is provided for each of the fan modules 300.
[00153] In one mode, each of the 302 fans operates at a flow rate between 50 to 100 cubic feet per minute. In one modality, each of the fans 302 operates at a flow rate of approximately 200 cubic feet per minute.
[00154] Figure 27 illustrates an embodiment of a door to support the fans in a chassis system. Port 160 includes fan module socket 320. Fan module socket 320 includes guides 322, openings 324, and companion blind connectors 330. Each of guides 322 can engage a complementary channel on one of the fan modules 300 when the fan module is installed in port 160. Each of the blind mate connectors 330 can mate with a companion connector on one of the fan modules 300 when the fan module is installed in port 160. In some embodiments, the match connectors blind 330 can be powered through a cable harness (not shown in Figure 27 for clarity). In some embodiments, the cable harness may supply each of the receptacles 330 with power from an output power receptacle in a power distribution unit (such as cabinet power distribution unit 170).
[00155] Each of the fans 302 may provide airflow to more than one computer system in chassis 102. For example, as illustrated in Figure 1, chassis 104 may include computer systems 102, each of which may be 1U high. In some modes, the 300 fans combine to create a low pressure region at the rear of the case.
[00156] In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 and Figure 25, a system includes three rows spaced from the top of the case to the bottom, with each row including two fans. In various embodiments, however, a system can have any number of fans. In some modes, a system has three or more fans per row. In some modes, a system has only one fan per row.
[00157] In some embodiments, chassis-mounted fans for a system can be N+1, redundant. For example, in the mode shown in Figure 1 and Figure 25, if one of the six fans fails, the remaining five fans can provide adequate cooling for the system.
[00158] In some embodiments, the fans are mounted on a case at an angle to the vertical. For example, as illustrated in Figure 1, fans 162 are mounted at an angle to the vertical. In certain embodiments, the angles of fans in a case are chosen to create a relatively uniform low pressure region at the back of a stack of computer systems. In one modality, the fans are tilted approximately 45 degrees from vertical. In another modality, the fans are mounted at an angle that is close to horizontal (for example, more than 80 degrees from vertical). Fan angles in a case can be identical or different.
[00159] Figure 28 illustrates a rear view of fan 300 mode. Back panel 332 includes connector 334. Connector 334 can mate with a companion connector on a mounting panel, such as connector 330 on cabinet port 160 Channels 335 can be provided on both sides of fan module 300. Channels 335 can engage guides 322 in fan module sockets 320 of enclosure port 160 when fan module 300 is installed in enclosure port 160.
[00160] Figure 29 illustrates a side view of a fan module including a mounting channel. To install fan module 300, mounting channels 335 can be engaged in a pair of guides 322 shown in Figure 27. Captive screws 337 can be threaded into holes 336 of fan module sockets 320. In other embodiments, several others mechanisms can be used to attach a fan module to a chassis. Such mechanisms can include, for example, a latch, cam or clamp. In one embodiment, a system includes a latching mechanism that can be tampered with for coupling a fan module to a cabinet. The latch mechanism can be operated with one hand to lock or remove the fan module from the case.
[00161] In some embodiments, the angle of a cabinet-mounted fan is adjustable. Figure 30 illustrates an embodiment of a fan with an adjustable mount. The 338 system includes the 340 fan module. The 340 fan module swivels to the 342 fan module assembly. The 342 fan module assembly mounts to the 344 rear panel of the 345 enclosure. The 340 fan module includes the fan 346.
[00162] The fan module 340 can be pivotally attached to the fan module assembly 344. The fan module 340 is attached to the fan module assembly 342 at the pivot connection 348. The angle of the fan module 342 can be adjusted by using rotating fan module 340 into pivot connection 348.
[00163] The 345 case includes the 360 top fan module mounted on the top 364. The fan 362 of the 360 top fan module can operate in combination with one or more fans 340 on the rear panel 344 to provide a low pressure region in the back of the cabinet. In one modality, a case includes a row of fans on top of a case and two rows of fans spaced from the top to the bottom on the rear door of the case.
[00164] Figure 31 illustrates an adjustable fan set at a vertical angle. In one embodiment, locking mechanism 350 is released to allow the angle of fan module 340 to be adjusted. Fan module 340 can be rotated at pivot connection 348 to a vertical angle. When fan module 340 is in position, locking mechanism 350 can be operated to lock fan module 340 to the desired angle.
[00165] In some embodiments, a system may include variable speed fans. In certain modes, switching power and/or fan speed can be controlled automatically. Fans can be controlled individually, or in groups of two or more fans. In some modalities, the fans are controlled based on sensor data (for example, temperature sensors in the cabinet).
[00166] In some embodiments, one or more fans for a cabinet system can be controlled via a control system. Referring to Figure 3, for example, cabinet 192A includes control system 380. Control system 380 can be coupled to fans 162. In certain embodiments, a control system includes at least one programmable logic controller. The PLC can receive measurements of conditions in the cabinet or elsewhere in a data center. A PLC can receive data corresponding to airflow rate, temperature, pressure, humidity or various other environmental or operating conditions.
[00167] In one modality, the PLC receives data from one or more airflow sensors that measure the airflow in the cabinet. Based on data from the sensors, the PLC can control parameters such as fan speed as appropriate for prevailing operating conditions. In another modality, the PLC receives data from one or more temperature sensors that measure the temperature in the cabinet and/or other locations in a data center. In certain embodiments, a PLC can modulate the dampers between the open position and the closed position to modulate airflow as appropriate for the prevailing operating conditions.
[00168] In some embodiments, a PLC can receive data from thermal sensors in a cabinet power distribution unit. In certain embodiments, a PLC can control switching in a cabinet power distribution unit.
[00169] In certain embodiments, the angular adjustment of a fan can be automated. For example, the angle of fan module 340 relative to cabinet 102 can be controlled with an actuator coupled to the fan module. The driver can be controlled by a PLC to adjust the angle of the 340 fan module.
[00170] In some embodiments, a system may include fan failure detection devices. In one modality, each of the 300 fan modules is provided with a Hall effect sensor. The Hall Effect sensor can provide a signal to a control system that a fan is not operating.
[00171] In some embodiments, one or more fans of a chassis system may be provided with a device that automatically shuts off the airflow through the fan if the rate of airflow through the fan falls below a predetermined threshold. For example, referring to Figure 25, fan module 300' may include louvers 370. The louvers 370 may automatically close its airflow through fan module 300' to fall below a predetermined level. For example, if fan module 300’ fails, shutters 370 may automatically close to shut off airflow through the fan. Automatic airflow shutdown for a chassis-mounted fan can reduce the return airflow to chassis 102 in the event of a 300’ fan module failure. In some embodiments, all fan modules in a cabinet can include louvers to shut off airflow in the event of a fan failure.
[00172] In certain embodiments, airflow through computer systems in a case can be provided by using fans internal to the computer systems instead of or in addition to fans mounted on a case. For example, a series of fans can be provided at the rear of the chassis of each of the computer systems in a case (for example, downstream of the 118 hard disk drives, shown in Figure 1). In certain embodiments, airflow for computer systems in a cabinet can be produced by an air handling system external to the cabinet.
[00173] In some embodiments, a power system for fans in a chassis may include auxiliary power. Auxiliary power can be implemented, for example, in the event of a failure of a main cabinet power distribution unit. In some embodiments, power to fans in a chassis is automatically switched from a chassis main power distribution unit to a chassis backup power distribution unit upon failure of the chassis main power distribution unit.
[00174] Referring again to Figure 3, data center 190 includes fan power distribution system 378. Fan power distribution system 378 includes automatic transfer switch 390, main power cable 392, power cable backup power 394 and fan power cord 396. During normal operation, fans 162 can receive power from the main power distribution unit of enclosure 170A on the left side of enclosure 192. Power from the power distribution unit 170A cabinet mains can be supplied via a 392 main power cable, 390 automatic transfer switch, and 396 fan power cable. In the event of a 170A cabinet power distribution unit (or main power system) failure upstream of the cabinet main power distribution unit 170A), the automatic transfer switch 390 can automatically switch to power reservation. In power backup mode, the cabinet backup power distribution unit 17B can supply power to fans 162 through backup power cable 394, automatic transfer switch 390, and fan power cable 396. In some embodiments, each of cabinet main power distribution unit 170A and standby power distribution unit 170B are movably coupled to the cabinet, such as cabinet power distribution unit 170 described above with respect to Figure 1.
[00175] The automatic transfer switch 390 can be placed or mounted in any of several suitable locations. In one embodiment, the 390 automatic transfer switch is mounted on top of a cabinet. In another embodiment, the 390 automatic transfer switch is mounted on the rear door of an enclosure.
[00176] Figure 32 illustrates a method of cooling components in a cabinet-mounted computer system according to a modality. In 400, air displacement devices are provided for heat-generating components in a cabinet-mounted computer system. Air displacement devices can be, for example, a fan on a power supply unit and/or a fan mounted on the case. In some embodiments, an air displacement device is an internal fan in a power supply unit that has been modified to reverse the direction of air flow in the power supply unit.
[00177] At 402 air is drawn from outside the cabinet-mounted computer system into a power supply compartment for the power supply unit. At 404 air is expelled from the power supply compartment into a compartment for the cabinet-mounted computer system.
[00178] In one embodiment, power distribution units from cabinets in an cabinet are moved to allow access to computer systems in the cabinet so that reconfiguration or maintenance operation can be performed on the computer systems. Figure 33 illustrates one embodiment of a reconfiguration or maintenance operation that includes moving cabinet power distribution units to access computer systems in an cabinet. In 410 the cabinet power distribution units installed in the cabinet are moved from an operating position to a maintenance position while the cabinet power distribution units remain attached to the cabinet. For example, cabinet power distribution units can be swiveled on shelves that are attached to the cabinet via hinges. Moving cabinet power distribution units can take cabinet power distribution units out of an installation/removal path for computer systems in the cabinet.
[00179] In 412 a computer system in the cabinet is at least partially installed or removed while the cabinet power distribution unit is in the maintenance position. In some embodiments, a computer system is completely removed from the cabinet and replaced with another computer system. In some embodiments, a reset or maintenance operation is performed on a computer system while the computer system is partially installed in the cabinet (eg, slid out, but still on the rails). For example, a cover on the computer system can be removed and a circuit board assembly, power supply unit, or hard disk drive can be replaced. In any case, when computer systems have been placed or replaced in their fully installed positions, the cabinet power distribution units can be returned to their operating positions at 414.
[00180] In one embodiment, a method of cooling computer systems in a chassis includes directing air under the hard drives in a chassis-mountable computer system. Figure 34 illustrates a method of cooling hard disk drives by flowing air under the drives according to a modality. At 420 air is drawn into a chassis for a chassis-mounted chassis computer system. In 422 air passing into the chassis may flow over the circuit board assemblies and/or through a compartment to a power supply unit. At 424, air is directed into passages under the computer system's hard drives. In some arrangements, air is directed downward into the passages. In some embodiments, some or all of the air passing through the chassis can be blocked from passing over the hard drives. Blocking the air blocking its passage can force more air to flow under the hard drives and/or increase the velocity of air flowing under the hard drives.
[00181] In 426 heat from the heat generating components in the hard disk drives can be transferred to air in the passages under the hard disk drives. In 428, air is removed from the passages.
[00182] In some embodiments, directing air under the hard drive includes pulling air down into passages under the hard drives. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 6, air can be drawn down into chassis 104. In some embodiments, air is drawn through cabinet-mounted fans on the back of a cabinet, such as fans 162 shown in Figure 1.
[00183] In one embodiment, one method of cooling chassis-mounted computer systems includes utilizing chassis-mounted AC fans that move air through multiple chassis-mounted computer systems. Figure 35 illustrates a method of cooling computer systems using cabinet-mounted fans according to a modality. On the 430, the AC fans are attached to a cabinet. In some modes, the fans are attached to the case in an angular orientation in relation to the case.
[00184] In 432 the AC fans are operated to displace air through computer systems in the chassis such that at least one of the AC fans displaces air through multiple computer systems mounted in the chassis. For example, a single fan can move air through chassis-mounted computer systems into two or more positions in the chassis (for example, two or more servers located above each other in the chassis).
[00185] At 434 a fault is detected in one of the fans. At 436 a hot swap is performed for the failed fan. During hot swapping, the fan module that houses the defective fan is removed and replaced. During such removal and replacement, power can be maintained at the fan module location and/or to other fans in the case.
[00186] In the various modalities described above, the cabinet power distribution units are installed on shelves near the ends of the cabinet systems. A cabinet power distribution unit can however be installed anywhere in a cabinet in various ways. For example, a cabinet power distribution unit can be installed on a hinged shelf near the middle of a cabinet.
[00187] Although in the embodiments described above, some of the computer systems are described as 1U in height, the computer systems can in various embodiments be 2U, 3U or any other height or dimensions.
[00188] Although the above embodiments are described in considerable detail, several variations and modifications will be evident to those skilled in the art when the above disclosure is fully considered. The above claims are intended to be interpreted to cover all such variations and modifications.
[00189] Clause 1. Computer system, comprising: a chassis configured for mounting in a cabinet; one or more hard disk drives attached to the chassis; and one or more air passages under at least one of the hard disk drives, wherein at least one of the air passages comprises one or more air inlets and one or more air outlets, wherein at least one of the inlets is configured to direct at least a portion of the air downwardly into at least one of the passages, wherein the at least one passage is configured to allow air to travel from the at least one air inlet to at least one of the air vents.
[00190] Clause 2. The computer system of Clause 1, further comprising one or more air displacement devices configured to move air through at least one or more air passages.
[00191] Clause 3. Computer system of Clause 2, in which at least one of the air displacement devices is external to the computer system.
[00192] Clause 4. Computer system of Clause 2, wherein at least one of the air displacement devices is in the computer system.
[00193] Clause 5. Computer system of Clause 1, wherein the computer system is a server having a height of approximately 1U.
[00194] Clause 6. The computer system of Clause 1, wherein the chassis comprises one or more chassis air inlets and one or more chassis air outlets, wherein at least one of one or more air inlets of a or more air passages are in fluid communication with the one or more chassis air inlets and at least one of the air outlets from the one or more passages is in fluid communication with at least one of the chassis air outlets.
[00195] Clause 7. The computer system of Clause 1, wherein at least two of the hard drives are arranged side by side in the chassis.
[00196] Clause 8. Computer system of Clause 1, in which the computer system is mounted in a cabinet, in which one or more of the hard disk drives is arranged in one or more rows of hard disk drive, in which by at least one of the rows comprises four hard drives.
[00197] Clause 9. The computer system of Clause 1, wherein at least one of the one or more air passages under the hard disk drives is at least partially downstream of one or more power supply units in the chassis.
[00198] Clause 10. The computer system of Clause 1, wherein at least one of one or more air passages, under the hard disk drives, is at least partially downstream of one or more circuit board assemblies in the chassis.
[00199] Clause 11. Computer system of Clause 10, wherein the air passages are located such that at least a portion of the air in the computer system flows over one or more circuit board assemblies in the chassis and then stops inside at least one of the air passages under the hard drives.
[00200] Clause 12. The computer system of Clause 1, wherein at least one of the one or more air passages under the hard disk drives is configured to receive an air mixture from an air supply unit power and at least one circuit board assembly upstream of the at least one passage.
[00201] Clause 13. The computer system of Clause 1, further comprising a tray, wherein at least two of one or more hard disk drives are tray mounted, wherein the tray is configured to space at least one of the hard disk drives hard drive from the bottom of the chassis to define at least one of the air passages.
[00202] Clause 14. The computer system of Clause 1, further comprising at least one air directing element configured to direct air under one or more hard disk drives.
[00203] Clause 15. The computer system of Clause 1, further comprising at least one vane configured to change the upstream air flow from at least one of the air passages under the one or more hard disk drives.
[00204] Clause 16. A tray for containing one or more data storage devices in a cabinet-mountable chassis for a cabinet-mounted computer system, comprising: one or more support portions configured to support at least a portion from at least one of the one or more data storage devices; and one or more spacing portions configured to establish at least one air passage below at least one of the data storage devices in the chassis when the tray is installed in the cabinet-mountable chassis.
[00205] Clause 17. Tray of Clause 16, wherein at least one of the data storage devices is a hard disk drive.
[00206] Clause 18. Tray of Clause 16, further comprising at least one opening between at least one of the data storage devices and at least one of the passages.
[00207] Clause 19. Tray of Clause 16, wherein at least a portion of the tray is configured for coupling with a chassis to form a box section structure to support at least one of the data storage devices.
[00208] Clause 20. Tray of Clause 16, further comprising one or more anchor bars, wherein at least one of the anchor bars is configured to at least partially hold down at least one of the data storage devices.
[00209] Clause 21. Tray of Clause 20, wherein at least one of the one or more securing bars is resiliently biased to hold down at least one of the data storage devices.
[00210] Clause 22. Tray of Clause 20, wherein at least one of one or more anchor bars is operable as a handle for carrying a computer system when the tray is installed on the computer system.
[00211] Clause 23. Method, comprising: directing air into one or more passages under one or more hard disk drives in the cabinet-mountable chassis for a computer system; allowing at least a portion of the heat from heat generating components in at least one of the hard disk drives to transfer to air in at least one of the passages; and removing at least a portion of the air from at least one of the passages.
[00212] Clause 24. The method of Clause 23, further comprising moving at least a portion of the air over at least one heat generating component in at least one circuit board assembly in the computer system before moving the air into a or more passes under the hard drives.
[00213] Clause 25. Method of Clause 23, wherein at least one of the hard drives is at least partially in a compartment for the computer system, wherein the displacement of air to one or more passages under one or more drives The hard drive of a computer system comprises moving air into the compartment.
[00214] Clause 26. The method of Clause 23, wherein displacing air into one or more passages under the one or more hard disk drives of the computer system comprises directing air downwardly into at least one of the passages .
[00215] Clause 27. The method of Clause 23, wherein directing air into one or more passages under the one or more hard drives of the computer system comprises blocking at least a portion of the air in a compartment preventing the even flow over at least one of the hard drives.

权利要求:
Claims (16)
[0001]
1. Computer system (104) CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises: a chassis (112) configured for mounting in a cabinet (102) and comprising one or more chassis air inlets (122) at one end (119) of the chassis (112) and one or more chassis air vents (122) at the other end of the chassis (225); one or more sets of circuit boards (114) coupled to the chassis (112); one or more hard disk drives (118) coupled to the chassis (112); and one or more air passages (220) under at least one of the hard disk units (118), wherein at least one of the air passages (220) comprises one or more air inlets and one or more air outlets, wherein at least one of the inlets is configured to direct at least a portion of the air downwardly into at least one of the passages (220), wherein the at least one passage (220) is configured to allow air to travel. from the at least one air inlet to at least one of the air outlets, wherein at least one of the one or more air passages (220) under the hard disk drives (118) is at least partially downward from of one or more circuit board assemblies (114) in the chassis (112), and wherein the air passages (220) are located such that at least a portion of the air in the computer system (104) flows through the chassis air inlets (122) at one end of chassis (119), above and over at least one of one or more assemblies of circuit board (114) on the chassis (112), into at least one of the air passages (220) under the at least one hard disk drive (118), and out through the chassis air vents ( 225) at the other end of chassis (225).
[0002]
2. Computer system (104) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises one or more air displacement devices (206) configured to move air through at least one of one or more air passages. air (220).
[0003]
3. Computer system (104), according to claim 1 or 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that at least two of the hard disk drives (118) are arranged side by side in the chassis (112).
[0004]
4. Computer system (104) according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that at least one of one or more air passages (220) under the hard disk drives (118) is configured to receive a mixing air from a power supply unit (116) and at least one circuit board assembly (114) upstream from at least one passageway (220).
[0005]
5. Computer system (104) according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises a first air opening (136) for air to be drawn into a power supply unit compartment (116) from from the outside of the computer system (104) and second air opening (208) for the air to be expelled into the computer system chassis (104).
[0006]
6. Computer system (104) according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it further comprises a tray (222), in which at least two of one or more hard disk drives (118) are mounted on the tray (222), wherein the tray (222) is configured to space at least one of the hard disk drives (118) from the bottom (224) of the chassis (112) to define at least one of the air passages ( 220).
[0007]
7. Computer system (104) according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it further comprises at least one air directing element (221) configured to direct air under one or more hard disk drives (118 ).
[0008]
8. Computer system (104) according to any one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it further comprises at least one vane configured to change the upstream air flow from at least one of the air passages (220 ) under one or more hard drives (118).
[0009]
9. Tray (222) for holding two or more data storage devices (118) in a chassis (112) capable of being cabinet-mounted for a computer system (104) that is cabinet-mounted, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: a or more support portions (281) configured to support at least one portion of two or more data storage devices (118); one or more spacing portions (283) configured to establish at least one air passage (220) below two or more data storage devices (118) in the chassis (112) when the tray (222) is installed in the capable chassis cabinet mounting (112); and one or more clamp bars (282), wherein each of the at least one of the one or more clamp bars (282) is configured to at least partially hold down at least two of the data storage devices (118).
[0010]
10. Tray (222), according to claim 9, characterized in that at least a portion of the tray (222) is configured to mate with a chassis (112) to form a box section structure to support two or more data storage devices (118).
[0011]
11. Tray (222), according to claim 9 or 10, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that at least one of the one or more securing bars (282) is resiliently biased to hold down two or more data storage devices (118 ).
[0012]
12. Tray (222), according to any one of claims 9 to 11, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that at least one of the one or more tie bars (282) is operable as a handle for carrying a computer system (104) when the tray (222) is installed in the computer system (104).
[0013]
13. Tray (222), according to any one of claims 9 to 12, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that at least one of the one or more fixing bars (282) is pivotally coupled to a tray base by pins (284 ) and is operable to be positioned in a raised position from the base of the tray (222).
[0014]
14. Method CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: moving air through one or more air inlets (122) at one end (119) of a chassis mountable in a cabinet (112) to a computer system (104), and above and over heat-generating components on one or more circuit board assemblies (114) in the cabinet-mountable chassis (112); directing, at a downstream point from at least one of the one or more circuit board assemblies (114), at least a portion of the air that has been displaced over the one or more circuit board assemblies (114) inwards one or more passages (220) under one or more hard disk drives (118) in the cabinet-mountable chassis (112) for the computer system (104); allowing at least a portion of the heat from heat generating components in at least one of the hard disk drives (118) to transfer to air in at least one of the passages (220); and removing at least a portion of the air from at least one of the passages (220).
[0015]
15. The method according to claim 14, CHARACTERIZED in that it further comprises moving at least a portion of the air over at least one heat generating component in at least one circuit board assembly (114) in the computer system ( 104) before displacing air into one or more passages (220) under the hard disk drives (118).
[0016]
16. Method according to claim 14 or 15, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that at least one of the hard disk drives (118) is at least partially in a compartment for the computer system (104), in which the displacement of the air to one or more passages under one or more hard disk drives (118) of a computer system (104) comprises moving the air into the compartment.

类似技术:

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公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

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BR112013006546B1|2021-05-25|computer system, tray to hold two or more data storage devices in a chassis-mountable chassis for a chassis-mounted computer system, and method

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

---

AU2015201684A1|2015-04-23|

---

AU2011305868B2|2015-05-14|

---

SG189007A1|2013-05-31|

---

CA2812190A1|2012-03-29|

---

JP6317417B2|2018-04-25|

---

BR112013006546A2|2016-06-07|

---

AU2011305868A1|2013-04-11|

---

JP5702468B2|2015-04-15|

---

RU2013117684A|2014-10-27|

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US10342161B2|2019-07-02|

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US9122462B2|2015-09-01|

---

JP6055000B2|2016-12-27|

---

JP2015099609A|2015-05-28|

---

US10098262B2|2018-10-09|

---

AU2015201684B2|2017-02-02|

---

US9820408B2|2017-11-14|

---

CN104597995B|2019-08-13|

---

WO2012039968A1|2012-03-29|

---

US20120069514A1|2012-03-22|

---

US20150373881A1|2015-12-24|

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PL2620046T3|2017-10-31|

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HUE035375T2|2018-05-02|

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CA2812190C|2019-10-29|

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JP2017054540A|2017-03-16|

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RU2557782C2|2015-07-27|

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JP2013539876A|2013-10-28|

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PT2620046T|2017-08-03|

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DK2620046T3|2017-08-28|

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US20180070475A1|2018-03-08|

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CN103120040A|2013-05-22|

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EP2620046A1|2013-07-31|

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US20130188309A1|2013-07-25|

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CN104597995A|2015-05-06|

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US20190045667A1|2019-02-07|

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CN103120040B|2015-09-09|

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US8400765B2|2013-03-19|

---

ES2635593T3|2017-10-04|

---

EP2620046B1|2017-07-19|

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法律状态:
2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

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2019-07-23| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2020-04-22| B07A| Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-03-30| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-05-25| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 11/09/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US12/886,472|2010-09-20|

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US12/886,472|US8400765B2|2010-09-20|2010-09-20|System with air flow under data storage devices|

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PCT/US2011/051139|WO2012039968A1|2010-09-20|2011-09-11|System with air flow under data storage devices|

---